29
2019
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01
Cost-effectiveness: Key Factors for the Commercialization of 25G PON
Summary:
PON technology has always had the ability to reshape itself and adapt to new market demands. From record-breaking speeds to dual-rate bit rates and multiple lambdas, PON has always been the "hero" of broadband, enabling the widespread adoption of new services and enhancing operators' businesses.
PON technology has always had the ability to reshape itself and adapt to new market demands. From record speeds to dual-rate bit rates and multiple lambdas, PON has always been the "hero" of broadband, enabling the widespread adoption of new services and enhancing operator businesses.
As 5G networks begin construction, the story of PON is also turning a new page. This time, next-generation PON technology is adopting a new paradigm to achieve higher capacity more effectively. 25G PON will leverage the data center ecosystem, rather than the transmission systems historically used in PON technology, representing the next stage in fiber evolution and a new dimension of the PON story.
Cost-effectiveness is key.
The success of access technology has two requirements: cost-effectiveness and market demand. In large-scale access network deployments, the former is key. Utilizing mature ecosystems and high-capacity optical technologies helps achieve cost-effectiveness while further enhancing it based on research and innovation.
Therefore, the commercial success of 25G PON will depend on its ability to provide 2.5 times the bandwidth of 10G PON at a lower cost. Fortunately, 25G PON has the most cost-effective approach to surpassing 10G PON, as it will utilize high-capacity 25G optical technologies used for interconnecting data centers.
With the increase in data center deployments, the number of 25G optical devices will also increase, thereby reducing the cost of the devices. Of course, it is not possible to directly plug these data center components into Optical Line Terminals (OLT) and Optical Network Units (ONU) transceivers; PON applications will require new wavelengths, higher transmitter power, and higher receiver sensitivity.
However, this is no different from previous generations of PON that adopted components from long-haul and metropolitan transceivers. Additionally, 25G is a simple TDM technology that does not require expensive tunable lasers.
Clarifying application scenarios.
Regarding market demand, the second factor necessary for the success of 25G PON is to ensure that 25G has clear use cases, including residential, commercial, and more. The residential market can provide opportunities to aggregate gigabit services on high-density PON; in the commercial sector, 25G will offer services of 10G or higher, expanding the service range to enterprises.
Additionally, as we enter the 5G era, long-haul transmission will require 25G. While XGS-PON or 10G PTP can effectively address mid-range and backhaul issues, the increase in RF bandwidth and MIMO antenna layers necessitates 25G PON in high-density and high-throughput single-cell scenarios. Meanwhile, 25G PON aligns with the evolution of mobile networks, as the 25G physical interface will be used for centralized and distributed units.
Other voices.
As usual, the industry is exploring various options for the evolution of PON. For example, 50G PON has been proposed, but it brings premature ecosystem challenges that will not improve before 2025, and there is currently no visibility into the business scenarios driving 50G.
Another solution considered is 2x10G bonding on two non-tunable wavelengths. This solution uses one GPON wavelength and one XGS wavelength. Unfortunately, this approach brings higher costs (twice that of 10G optical devices), increased complexity, and a lack of ability to coexist with current GPON deployments, making it unattractive in the market.
Using the 2xTWDM tunable wavelength bonding method may encounter similar issues. TWDM is already quite expensive, and connecting wavelengths in the ONU requires two lasers, which increases the cost of large-scale deployment.
25G PON is the most effective way to evolve fiber networks to the next generation. It is a simple technology that uses a single wavelength and does not require tunable lasers. It can coexist with GPON and XGS-PON, providing higher 25Gb/s downstream rates and 25Gb/s or 10Gb/s upstream rates. It is also based on mature optical technologies and an evolving ecosystem, allowing this technology to be brought to market faster. It can meet the demands of higher density residential, commercial, and other needs in the short term while addressing competitive threats from 25G EPON and cable operators.
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